האם קיים בעולם מקום
האם קיים בעולם מקום בו צמחים טורפים מהווים נדבך משמעותי בשמירה על מאזן אקולוגי (זאת אומרת טורפים כמות משמעותית של חרקים ?)
שלום טלי!
מעט באופן כולל על צמחים טורפים:
http://www.omnisterra.com/botany/cp/html/cp_defin.htm
Carnivory in plants is restricted to nutrient-poor and open habitats presumably because of high benefits and/or low costs of carnivory in these conditions. Carnivory is costly because the plants need specific adaptations to capture prey. Drosera rotundifolia produces sticky substances on its leaf surface to catch prey. These substances are primarily carbon-based, and their production can be expected to be lower in shade. The benefit of carnivory is in terms of the increased nutritional gain which will be low when inorganic nutrients are available in the growth medium. We expected that investment in carnivory would be lower in shade and nutrient-rich conditions.
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00816.x/abs/;jsessionid=b6TJyrd9BMN9
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וכמו כן דף הכולל סיווג וצילומים:
http://botany.org/newsite/publications/carnivorousPlants/carnivorousPlants.php
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ומאמר מחקרי על הסביבה האקולוגית ותנאי הקיום של צמח טורף בעיקר בקשר להמצאות החנקן בסביבה:
http://www.uvm.edu/~biology/Faculty/Gotelli/PNAS99p4409.pdf
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ולדעתי המאמר הכי קולע, להלן קטע ממנו:
I looked up an eucalyptus tree in my backyard that I planted several years ago. It was barely five feet then. It grew to well over 25 feet in height, with the trunk diameter reaching 10 inches. The eucalyptus is a leafy tree. In my mind's eye, I replaced all the foliage with sundew leaves covered with glistening tentacles. In an ideal condition, this tree would capture hundreds of mosquitoes for us every evening! Considering the total biomass of the tree, with the thick woody trunk, however, the amount of insects it can capture, in terms of a biomass ratio, is extremely small compared with, say, a tiny sundew plant that managed to have captured one mosquito. To put it in other words, a bigger stomach demands more substantial food. To make a meaningful nutritional contribution, this carnivorous tree would have to shoot for something larger than mosquitoes, say, a wild raccoon or two during the growing season. But to construct such a trapping device out of the leaf structure would be a prohibitively costly proposition.
"Despite the apparent advantage and the abundance of insect life, there are very few carnivorous plants. There are practically none below the angiosperms. There are no herbs, no shrubs or trees and there are large areas of the phylogenetic table where carnivory does not seem to have evolved at all." note Juniper et al. (1989).
Evolution did not bring about the plant carnivory beyond the point of what we have. That is to say, we do not have a situation where half the trees in our backyard are man-eating!
http://www.honda-e.com/Introduction/TX-Introduction.htm
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אני נוטה להבין וגם על סמך ידיעותי, שהמצאות צמחים טורפים היא מעטה יחסית ולא דומיננטית במערכות אקולוגיות, מה גם שיכולת הטריפה שלהם איטית ביותר. הם מתפתחים רק במקומות עניי חנקן ותנאים קשים אחרים כמו חושך.
בברכה, זיו נבון- נישמח לשרתך ולעזור גם בעתיד
התשובה ניתנה על ידי זיו נבון מצוות מידעני KOL
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