שלום.
אני מעוניין במידע

שלום.
אני מעוניין במידע הקשור למטפורה: במאמר של Black ומאמר נוסף שנכתב על ידי Davidson בנושא תיאוריות המטפורה.
התיאוריה הראשונה היא Comparison theory
והתאוריה השנייה היא Interaction theory.
בתודה מראש.

יש פה מספר שאלות, מחשבות ודיון על המאמר של דיוידסון:

Questions for Reflections and Discussion:
http://www.utexas.edu/courses/phl361k/quest05.htm
Davidson, “What Metaphors Mean”
1. What are Davidson’s argument that metaphors mean what they literally mean, and no more? Are his arguments convincing?
2. Discuss Max Black’s account of the second layer of meaning in metaphors. Is it comparable to the meaning of myth or of allegory (a synthesis of ideas or a synthesis of percepts, in Barfield’s terms)?
3. Davidson distinguishes between the meanings of words and the use of words. Why is meaning limited to ordinary, literal meaning? Is there an element of behaviorism or scientism in Davidson’s position?
4. What can you glean from this article about Davidson’s views about universals? Is he a realist or a nominalist?
5. Does Davidson have an adequate account of how metaphors accomplish what he says they do? What is his account of the aftermath of the “death” of a metaphor? (p. 252) Can Davidson explain why a literal paraphrase of metaphors is impossible?
6. How would Barfield or Tolkien respond to Davidson’s account? Is Davidson close to C. S. Lewis’s early view of mythology, according to which they are “lies breathed through silver”?

מתוך מאמר: Metaphors and Schema Theory . כתוב כך:

Overview
Metaphors are not simply literary devices, but something active in understanding, perhaps even the very basis of language. Read this section for reasons to think that metaphors organize our experience, uniquely express that experience, and create convincing realities. Poetry, which uses them instinctively, is following a scientific truth.

Linguistic Philosophy
Can metaphors be paraphrased in literal terms? Many philosophical schools supposed they could, perhaps even needed to do so, particularly those of the Logical Positivist approach who stressed the rational, objective aspects of language. But influential papers by Max Black showed that readers come to metaphors armed with commonplace understandings of the word employed, understandings which enter into how we read the passage. In When sorrows come, they come not in single spies, but in battalions both spies and battalions have different connotations that interact and shape our understanding in ways that escape a literal paraphrase. {5}

Not everyone agrees. As would be expected from a theorist who needs a logically transparent language, Davidson denies that metaphors have a meaning over and above their literal meaning. They may point to some resemblance between apparently dissimilar things, but they don't assert that resemblance and do not constitute meaning. {6}
מצורף גם קישור

בנוסף מצורפים מספר קשורים בנושאים שביקשת באנגלית.

המושג מטפורה (באנגלית)

Donald Davidson: "What Metaphors Mean"

Excerpt from "What Metaphors Mean" by Donald Davidson

CRITICAL RESPONSE:

Excerpt from "How Metaphors Work: A Reply to Donald Davidson" by Max Black

KANT, DAVIDSON AND THE VALUE OF METAPHOR
Benjamin Westley
University of Southampton

A Course in Pictorial and Multimodal Metaphor
מדבר גם פה על התיאוריה של בלאק.

Metaphors and Schema Theory

התשובה ניתנה על ידי יעל ביבי מצוות מידעני KOL

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